Graphene based nano patch antenna using photonic band gap insertion into substrate for applications at THz band

In this work, we present a numerical investigation of the properties Graphene based Nano Patch Antenna (GNPA) with triangular periodic arrangements Photonic Band Gap (PBG) insertion into substrate. proposed design, studied effect on radiation characteristics, such as return loss, bandwidth, gain, directivity, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and pattern using Finite Integration Method (FIM). We analyzed three configurations cylindrical air holes different PBG heights silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate, namely h1, h2 h3, also reference antennas. The best results obtained are S11=−31.5, 2.038 dB gain 0.4 THz bandwidth for antenna h3. investigated GNPA-PBG resonates around 1.5 THz, enabling application at band.